Compiler and Linker Options

Sections in this Topic:

Configurations for Creating Applications and DLLs
Environment Variables Used in Project Settings
Compiler and Linker Options for Application Projects
Compiler and Linker Options for DLL Projects
Stack Size

Configurations for Creating Applications and DLLs

Four configurations for creating applications and DLLs are generated in Visual Studio when you create a project using one of the wRTOS templates:

x64

RTSSDebug – Real-time application or RTDLL that has debug flags enabled
RTSSRelease – Optimized Real-time application or RTDLL without any additional debug information
Debug – Windows 64-bit application or RTDLL linked to wRTOS that has debug flags enabled
Release – Windows 64-bit application or RTDLL linked to wRTOS

For instructions on manually building a 32-bit application, see Building a 32-bit User Space Application.

Environment Variables Used in Project Settings

wRTOS uses the following environment variables in its project settings:

Category	Environment Variable
wRTOS SDK	`$(wRTOSSDKDir<MAJORVERSION>)` Where `<MAJORVERSION>` is the major version of the wRTOS product. For example, for wRTOS 1.0, the path is: `$(wRTOSSDKDir1)`
wRTOS Runtime	`$(wRTOSDir)`
Tools	`$(wRTOSCommon)`
wRTOS Custom Macro	`$(wRTOSPlatform)` This is used to find the correct library directory for projects. This custom macro requires two property files, which are installed with the wRTOS SDK: wRTOS.cpp.x64.user.props wRTOS.cpp.win32.user.props If you are creating an RTSS application from a Windows console, you must change this custom macro to $(Processarchitecture)

Compiler and Linker Options for Application Projects

The RTSS compiler and linker options listed below differ from the default Windows console application and wRTOS product options.

Compiler Options

General

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Additional Include Directories	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)include;%+ inherit	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)include;%+ inherit	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)include;%+ inherit	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)include;%+ inherit
Debug Information Format	Program Database (/Zi)	Program Database (/Zi)	Program Database (/Zi)	Program Database (/Zi)
SDL Checks	No (/sdl-)	No (/sdl-)	No (/sdl-)	Yes (/sdl)

Option

RTSSDebug

RTSSRelease

Debug

Release

Additional Include Directories

$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)include;%+ inherit

Debug Information Format

Program Database (/Zi)

SDL Checks

No (/sdl-)

Yes (/sdl)

Optimization

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Optimization	Disabled (/Od)	Enabled (/Ox)	Disabled (/Od)	Maximize Speed (/02)
Whole Program Optimization	No	No	No	Yes (/GL)

Preprocessor

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Preprocessor Defines	_AMD64_; UNDER_RTSS; _DEBUG;+ inherit Note: Include the UNDER_RTSS_UNSUPPORTED_CRT_APIS define to see what C Runtime functions have been deprecated.	_AMD64_; UNDER_RTSS; NDEBUG;+ inherit Note: Include the UNDER_RTSS_UNSUPPORTED_CRT_APIS define to see what C Runtime functions have been deprecated.	-UNICODE;UNICODE; _DEBUG% + inherit Note: Unicode or MultiByte, depending on what was selected for Supported String Convention in the template.	_UNICODE;UNICODE;% + inherit Note: Unicode or MultiByte, depending on what was selected for Supported String Convention in the template.

Option

RTSSDebug

RTSSRelease

Debug

Release

Preprocessor Defines

_AMD64_; UNDER_RTSS; _DEBUG;+ inherit

Note: Include the UNDER_RTSS_UNSUPPORTED_CRT_APIS define to see what C Runtime functions have been deprecated.

_AMD64_; UNDER_RTSS; NDEBUG;+ inherit

Note: Include the UNDER_RTSS_UNSUPPORTED_CRT_APIS define to see what C Runtime functions have been deprecated.

-UNICODE;UNICODE; _DEBUG% + inherit

Note: Unicode or MultiByte, depending on what was selected for Supported String Convention in the template.

_UNICODE;UNICODE;% + inherit

Note: Unicode or MultiByte, depending on what was selected for Supported String Convention in the template.

Code Generation

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Enable Minimal Rebuild	No (/Gm-)	No (/Gm-)	No (/Gm-)	No (/Gm-)
Enable C++ Exceptions	Yes (/EHsc)	Yes (/EHsc)	Yes (/EHsc)	Yes (/EHsc)
Basic Runtime Checks	Default	Default	Both (/RTC1, equiv. to /RTCsu) (/RTC1)	Default
Runtime Library	Multi-threaded Debug (/MTd)	Multi-threaded (/MT)	Multi-threaded Debug (/MTd)	Multi-threaded (/MT)
Buffer Security Check	No (/GS-)	No (/GS-)	No (/GS-)	Yes (/GS-)
Floating Point Model	Precise (/fp:precise) Note: The /fp:precise compiler flag may affect certain API determinism. For example, functions such as log or sin will be affected.	Precise (/fp:precise) Note: The /fp:precise compiler flag may affect certain API determinism. For example, functions such as log or sin will be affected.	Precise (/fp:precise) Note: The /fp:precise compiler flag may affect certain API determinism. For example, functions such as log or sin will be affected.	Precise (/fp:precise) Note: The /fp:precise compiler flag may affect certain API determinism. For example, functions such as log or sin will be affected.

Linker Options

General

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Enable Incremental Linking	No (/INCREMENTAL:NO)	No (/INCREMENTAL:NO)	Yes (/INCREMENTAL)
Additional Library Directories	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)lib\$(wRTOSPlatform);% + inherit	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)lib\$(wRTOSPlatform);% + inherit	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)lib\$(wRTOSPlatform);% + inherit	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)lib\$(wRTOSPlatform);% + inherit

Input

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Additional Dependencies	startupCRT.lib;libcmtd.lib;libcpmtd.lib;libucrtd.lib; libvcruntimed.lib;wRTOS_rtss.lib Note: startupCRT.lib, libcmtd.lib, libcpmtd.lib, libucrtd.lib and libvcruntimed.lib are dependent on the C Runtime, only appears in C++ projects	startupCRT.lib;libcmt.lib;libcpmt.lib;libucrt.lib; libvcruntime.lib;wRTOS_rtss.lib Note: startupCRT.lib, libcmt.lib, libcpmt.lib, libucrt.lib and libvcruntime.lib are dependent on the C Runtime, only appears in C++ projects.	rtapi.lib + inherit	rtapi.lib + inherit
Ignore All Default Libraries	Yes (/NODEFAULTLIB)	Yes (/NODEFAULTLIB)	No	No

Option

RTSSDebug

RTSSRelease

Debug

Release

Additional Dependencies

startupCRT.lib;libcmtd.lib;libcpmtd.lib;libucrtd.lib; libvcruntimed.lib;wRTOS_rtss.lib

Note: startupCRT.lib, libcmtd.lib, libcpmtd.lib, libucrtd.lib and libvcruntimed.lib are dependent on the C Runtime, only appears in C++ projects

startupCRT.lib;libcmt.lib;libcpmt.lib;libucrt.lib; libvcruntime.lib;wRTOS_rtss.lib

Note: startupCRT.lib, libcmt.lib, libcpmt.lib, libucrt.lib and libvcruntime.lib are dependent on the C Runtime, only appears in C++ projects.

rtapi.lib + inherit

Ignore All Default Libraries

Yes (/NODEFAULTLIB)

Manifest File

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Generate Manifest	No (/MANIFEST:NO)	No (/MANIFEST:NO)	Yes (/MANIFEST)	Yes (/MANIFEST)
Enable User Account Control (UAC)	No (/MANIFESTUAC:NO)	No (/MANIFESTUAC:NO)	Yes (/MANIFESTUAC:)	Yes (/MANIFESTUAC:)

Debugging

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Generate Debug Info	Yes (/DEBUG)	Yes (/DEBUG)	Yes (/DEBUG)	Yes (/DEBUG)

System

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Subsystem	Native (/SUBSYSTEM: NATIVE)	Native (/SUBSYSTEM: NATIVE)	Console (/SUBSYSTEM: CONSOLE)	Console (/SUBSYSTEM: CONSOLE)
Driver	Driver (/Driver)	Driver (/Driver)	Not Set	Not Set

Advanced

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Entry Point	_RtapiProcessEntry or_RtapiProcessEntryCRT	_RtapiProcessEntry or_RtapiProcessEntryCRT
Randomized Base Address			Yes (/DYNAMICBASE)	Yes (/DYNAMICBASE)
Data Execution Prevention (DEP)	Yes (/NXCOMPAT)	Yes (/NXCOMPAT)	Yes (/NXCOMPAT)	Yes (/NXCOMPAT)
Target Machine	MachineX64 (/MACHINE:X64)	MachineX64 (/MACHINE:X64)	MachineX64 (/MACHINE:X64)	MachineX64 (/MACHINE:X64)

Compiler and Linker Options for DLL Projects

The tables below list the RTSS compiler and linker options that differ from the default Windows console application options and wRTOS product compiler and linker options.

Compiler Options

General

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Additional Include Directories	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)\include + Inherit	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)\include + Inherit	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)\include + Inherit	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)\include + Inherit
Debug Information Format	Program Database (/Zi)	Program Database (/Zi)	Program Database (/Zi)
SDL Checks	No (/sdl-)	No (/sdl-)	No (/sdl-)	Yes (/sdl)
Warning Level	Level3 (/W3)	Level3 (/W3)	Level1 (/W1)	Level1 (/W1)

Optimization

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Optimization	Disabled (/Od)	Enabled (/Ox)	Disabled (/Od)	Maximum Speed (/O2)
Whole Program Optimization	No	No	No	No

Preprocessor

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Preprocessor Defines	_AMD64_; UNDER_RTSS; _DEBUG; wRTOS_EXPORTS; + inherit Note: wRTOS_EXPORTS is name dependent.	_AMD64_; UNDER_RTSS; NDEBUG; wRTOS_EXPORTS; + inherit Note: wRTOS_EXPORTS is name dependent.	DLL64_EXPORTS; + inherit Note: DLL64_EXPORTS is name dependent.	DLL64_EXPORTS; + inherit Note: DLL64_EXPORTS is name dependent.

Option

RTSSDebug

RTSSRelease

Debug

Release

Preprocessor Defines

_AMD64_; UNDER_RTSS; _DEBUG; wRTOS_EXPORTS; + inherit

Note: wRTOS_EXPORTS is name dependent.

_AMD64_; UNDER_RTSS; NDEBUG; wRTOS_EXPORTS; + inherit

Note: wRTOS_EXPORTS is name dependent.

DLL64_EXPORTS; + inherit

Note: DLL64_EXPORTS is name dependent.

DLL64_EXPORTS; + inherit

Note: DLL64_EXPORTS is name dependent.

Code Generation

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Enable Minimal Rebuild	No (/Gm-)	No (/Gm-)	Yes (/Gm-)	No (/Gm-)
Enable C++ Exceptions	Yes (/EHsc)	Yes (/EHsc)	Yes (/EHsc)	Yes (/EHsc)
Basic Runtime Checks	Default	Default	Both (/RTC1, equiv. to /RTCsu) (/RTC1)	Default
Runtime Library	Multi-threaded Debug (/MTd)	Multi-threaded (/MT)	Multi-threaded Debug (/MTd)	Multi-threaded (/MT)
Buffer Security Check	Yes (/GS)	Yes (/GS)	Yes (/GS)	Yes (/GS)
Floating Point Model	Precise (/fp:precise)	Precise (/fp:precise)	Precise (/fp:precise)	Precise (/fp:precise)

Linker Options

Input

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Enable Incremental Linking	No (/INCREMENTAL:NO)	No (/INCREMENTAL:NO)	Yes (/INCREMENTAL)
Additional Library Directories	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)lib\$(wRTOSPlatform);% + inherit	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)lib\$(wRTOSPlatform);% + inherit	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)lib\$(wRTOSPlatform);% + inherit	$(wRTOSSDKDir <MAJORVERSION>)lib\$(wRTOSPlatform);% + inherit
Additional Dependencies	startupDllCrt.lib;libcmtd.lib;libcpmtd.lib;libucrtd.lib;libvcruntimed.lib;wRTOS_rtss.lib	startupDllCrt.lib;libcmt.lib;libcpmt.lib;libucrt.lib;libvcruntime.lib;wRTOS_rtss.lib	rtapi.lib + inherit	rtapi.lib + inherit
Ignore All Default Libraries	Yes (/NODEFAULTLIB)	Yes (/NODEFAULTLIB)	No	No

Manifest File

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Generate Manifest	No (/MANIFEST:NO)	No (/MANIFEST:NO)	Yes (/MANIFEST)	Yes (/MANIFEST)
Enable User Account Control (UAC)	No (/MANIFESTUAC:NO)	Yes (/MANIFESTUAC:)	Yes (/MANIFESTUAC:)	Yes (/MANIFESTUAC:)

Debugging

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Generate Debug Info	Yes (/DEBUG)	Yes (/DEBUG)	Yes (/DEBUG)	Yes (/DEBUG)

System

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
SubSystem	Native (/SUBSYSTEM: NATIVE)	Native (/SUBSYSTEM: NATIVE)	Console (/SUBSYSTEM: CONSOLE)	Console (/SUBSYSTEM: CONSOLE)
Driver	Driver (/Driver)	Driver (/Driver)	Not Set	Not Set

Advanced

Option	RTSSDebug	RTSSRelease	Debug	Release
Entry Point	_RtapiDllEntry or _RtapiDllEntryCRT	_RtapiDllEntry or_RtapiDllEntryCRT
Randomized Base Address			Yes (/DYNAMICBASE)	Yes (/DYNAMICBASE)
Data Execution Prevention (DEP)	Yes (/NXCOMPAT)	Yes (/NXCOMPAT)	Yes (/NXCOMPAT)	Yes (/NXCOMPAT)
Target Machine	MachineX64 (/MACHINE:X64)	MachineX64 (/MACHINE:X64)	MachineX64 (/MACHINE:X64)	MachineX64 (/MACHINE:X64)

Stack Size

The /STACK linker option is available to set the size of the main thread's stack in bytes. The default stack size for RTSS configurations is:

Configuration	Stack Size
RTSSRelease	Default (8 pages, 32768 bytes) On Windows 11 machines with AMX enabled, the default stack size is 12 pages.
RTSSDebug with C/C++ Runtime support enabled	32 pages, 131072 bytes
RTSSDebug without C/C++ Runtime support	Default (8 pages, 32768 bytes) On Windows 11 machines with AMX enabled, the default stack size is 12 pages.

Configuration

Stack Size

RTSSRelease

Default (8 pages, 32768 bytes)

On Windows 11 machines with AMX enabled, the default stack size is 12 pages.

RTSSDebug with C/C++ Runtime support enabled

32 pages, 131072 bytes

RTSSDebug without C/C++ Runtime support

Default (8 pages, 32768 bytes)

On Windows 11 machines with AMX enabled, the default stack size is 12 pages.

Note: The above values are for the stack size for the main thread only. All subsequent thread's stacks are created based on the size set when calling CreateThread. If no size is set in CreateThread, the default is 8 pages.

IMPORTANT: The stack does not grow in RTSS. As such, you must know how much space you need on the Stack. A Blue Screen can result if the Stack size is too small.

To set the Stack size:

To set this option in the Visual Studio environment:

Right-click project name and select Properties from the pull-down menu
Expand the Linker option under Configuration Properties
Click the System property page
Modify Stack Reserve Size and Stack Commit Size

Note: Although a value must be entered for Stack Reserve Size, it is not used. Only the value in the Commit box is used.

For more information, see the Microsoft documentation on /STACK (Stack allocations).